Dr.S.Venkatesan MD

Anterior  mitral leaflet (AML)  is an  unique structure  in the heart .It is the fastest moving structure inside the heart . It is the first structure visualised by echocardiogram by  Elder and Hertz in early 1950s .

While AML is known for vigorous motion , the PML motion is subdued . By tradition AML shows a  motion which resembles alphabet M .

But AML is not be taken lightly .  It can change it’s  motion  not only  in pathological states but also in health . One such  pattern is trifid   motion of AML . Following is a Echo Image in  a  perfectly  normal Individual .

Possible mechanisms underlying Trifid motion of AML

•    The plane of  M-mode cut  will change the  mitral valve motion .(May  be this is most common ).M-mode at tip of mitral valve may be trifid  ,however a little beyond may record a  bifid-M pattern .
• Redundant  mitral valve
• Mid diastolic AML drag
• Signs of elevated   LVEDP
• Finally ,  it could be a   sign of  mitral valve  fatigue after excrcise  . Some of these persons   revert back to M pattern after a brief period of  Trifid motion following exercise .

Does trifid AML motion  result in Tri-phasic doppler  flow as well ?

Mitral valve filling is classical E and A .

This usually correspond to M pattern of anatomical  AML motion .

Do the anatomy goes hand in hand with physiology ? Will the mid diastolic  AML  drag result in augmented flow ?

We are looking  at this phenomenon .